Beyond Hyperactivity: The Impact of ADHD on Mental Wellbeing

October is ADHD awareness month, and this week, we delve  into the profound connection between ADHD and under-recognised mental health consequences.

ADHD & the Mental Health Epidemic

ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, isn't just about hyperactivity. It affects our ability to focus, concentrate, and regulate emotions. It is by far the most common neurodevelopmental condition in children, impacting 8-10% of all school-age children. And 40-60% of these children will continue to experience ADHD symptoms into adulthood.

But here's the thing, ADHD rarely comes alone. It often brings a host of mental health comorbidities, including anxiety, depression, OCD, bipolar disorder, sensory & auditory processing difficulties, and even Tourette's. This complex web of conditions can make life incredibly challenging, yet the impact on mental health is often ignored.

Furthermore, there is a clear link between ADHD and hypersensitivity, particularly sensory & emotional sensitivity, and impaired emotional regulation. People with ADHD may be more sensitive to sounds, sights, textures, atmospheres, moods, and other sensory input, often leading to emotional overwhelm.

Left untreated, ADHD can adversely affect all aspects of life - not just academic achievement. It can dent self-esteem, strain family and social relationships, lead to risky behaviors, impact eating habits, job performance, and even driving skills. It's a condition that permeates almost every facet of life.

For adolescents with untreated ADHD, the risks escalate. Higher dropout rates, increased substance abuse, and a significantly higher rate of accidents for young drivers with ADHD

Medication is a LIFEJACKET, not a cure

Over the years, the use of medication to manage ADHD has been skyrocketing, with an 83% increase since 1999. We also know that medications can be a game-changer for some – a lifejacket that keeps them afloat in a neurotypical world.

A Functional Medicine Approach to ADHD

However, we also now have a vast understanding and insight into the mechanisms behind ADHD and the complex interplay of factors that can drive ADHD – including genetic predisposition, environmental factors, nutritional deficiencies, and neurochemical mechanisms.

In the functional medicine world, our aim is to seek to identify these imbalances (which will differ in each individual) and create a personalised approach that aims to rectify them. If we can do this, we can facilitate the best possible outcome - potentially avoiding / reducing the need for medication – which invariably often comes with undesireable side effects. At the very least, medications should be an adjunct to working on the underlying mechanisms and root causes

Functional Lab Testing

The uniqueness of ADHD requires a deep dive into a person’s biochemistry – factoring in their ADHD symptoms and their wider mental health & wellbeing– and this is where testing can be incredibly valuable.

Lab tests I often recommend in my clinic include:

• Food Allergies and Sensitivities: Incredibly, it has been found that those with ADHD are 7x more likely to have a food allergy. This seems to be especially relevant in children. If these go undetected, it can perpetuate cognitive dysfunction. Coeliac disease is another comorbidity with some studies showing a much higher % of undiagnosed coeliac disease in those with ADHD.  Comprehensive testing can identify these food triggers, allowing for dietary adjustments.

• Genetic Pathways: Delving deep into the genetic variations that influence neurotransmitter synthesis, breakdown and utilisation. By identifying these variations, we can tailor our interventions to an individual's specific genetic makeup. Genetic variation accounts for an estimated 75% of ADHD cases.

• Vitamin and Mineral Levels: Micronutrient testing can help to uncover functional deficiencies or imbalances that may contribute to ADHD symptoms. Addressing these nutrient imbalances is essential for optimal brain function.

• Dysbiosis and Bacterial Overgrowth: A The gut-brain connection is well-established. Testing for dysbiosis and bacterial overgrowth in the gut is crucial, as imbalances in the gut microbiome can significantly impact brain function. Children with ADHD have been found to have a less diverse microbiome with fewer bacterial species.

Top 10 Action Steps to Implement Today

So testing is super helpful, but I also want to share some foundational strategies that can be very valuable to support focus, regulation & stable energy in ADHD and to support a balanced mood:

1. Balanced Macronutrients: Ensure every meal and every snack includes a balance of unrefined carbohydrates, protein, and healthy fats for steady energy. Large studies have shown a clear and consistent link with ADHD and poor diet with 4x greater odds.

2. Protein-Rich Breakfast: Start the day with a protein-rich breakfast to stabilise blood sugar levels and improve focus and concentration.

3. Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Include sources of omega-3 fatty acids, such as fatty fish, chia, flaxseeds, and walnuts, for brain health. A diet high in Omega 3 was found in one study to confer a 68% risk reduction of ADHD.

4. Avoid Food Additives and Monitor Sugar Intake: Steer clear of artificial additives and minimise sugary snacks to maintain concentration.  There is an incredible 400% increased risk of ADHD in children consuming 7 or more sugary drinks per week (that's just 1 per day!)

5. Hydration: Stay adequately hydrated by drinking plenty of water throughout the day. Avoid plastic water bottles as there is a clear link between BPA and ADHD risk.

6. Limit Caffeine and Stimulants: Keep caffeine in moderation to prevent jitteriness and steer well clear of energy drinks - full of caffeine, sugar and artificial additives & sweeteners.

7. Monitor Food Sensitivities: Be aware of any specific food sensitivities or allergies that may exacerbate ADHD symptoms. Consider working with a professional to test for these or to facilitate a targeted elimination diet.

8. Plan and Prepare: Plan meals and snacks in advance to ensure you have nutritious options readily available and are not reaching for quick fixes when energy or motivation is low. 7

9. Consider supplementing key nutrients: Zinc,magnesium, omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D are in my foundational kit. Always seek the guidance of a qualified practitioner before introducing any new supplements.  

10. Get moving:  Engaging in exercise or sports not only provides an outlet for excess energy but also triggers the release of neurochemicals that support cognitive function and mental well-being.

If you are looking for a deeper dive into ADHD - for yourself or a loved one - please do contact me to see how I can help.